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I. Câu đảo ngữ là gì?
Câu đảo ngữ được hiểu đơn giản là câu có một thành phần nào đó được đặt lên vị trí đầu câu, làm cho cấu trúc thông thường bị đảo lộn. Thành phần được đảo lên đầu câu có thể là trạng từ, phó từ, trợ động từ. Sau khi làm thao tác đảo ngữ, các thành phần khác của câu cũng sẽ có sự thay đổi.
Chúng ta sử dụng cấu trúc đảo ngữ khi muốn nhấn mạnh vào một sự việc hay một chủ thể nào đó trong câu. Cấu trúc đảo ngữ vừa có thể xuất hiện ở văn nói thường ngày hoặc văn viết trang trọng.
II. Các loại câu đảo ngữ thường gặp
1. Câu đảo ngữ trạng từ chỉ tần suất (thường là các trạng từ mang nghĩa phủ định)
|
Never/Rarely/Seldom/Hardly/Little + Trợ động từ + Chủ ngữ + Động từ |
Ví dụ:
– I never drink milk tea for fear that I will get fat
=> Never do I drink milk tea for fear that I will get fat.
– I knew little about chemistry
=> Little did I know about chemistry.
– She rarely spends time on playing video games
=> Rarely does she spend time on playing video games.
2. Câu đảo ngữ với No hoặc Not any
|
No + Danh từ + Trợ động từ + Chủ ngữ + Động từ Not any + Danh từ + Trợ động từ Chủ ngữ + Động từ |
Ví dụ:
I will not lend you any more money since you haven’t pay me back last time
=> No more money will I lend you since you haven’t pay me back last time.
hoặc Not any money will I lend you since you haven’t paid me back last time.
3. Câu đảo ngữ với Only
|
Only once/ Only later/ Only then/ Only in this way + Auv+ S + clause Only after/ Only when + S + Ved+ Auv+ S + V (nguyên thể) Only by/ Only with + N + Auv+ S + V Only in + N + Auv+ S + V Only if + Clause, + Auv+ S + V |
Ví dụ:
– Only once did I meet her.
– Only in this way can the project be done quickly.
– Only when the show ended could she go to the bathroom.
– Only with courage could we finish our challenge.
– Only in Vietnam did they see such beautiful landscapes.
– Only if she was not sick, could she attend the concert with her friends.
4. Câu đảo ngữ với So và Such
| So + Tính từ/ Trạng từ + Trợ động từ + Danh từ + that + Mệnh đề
Such + Mạo từ + Tính từ + Danh từ + that + Mệnh đề |
Ví dụ:
– The watch was so costly that I could not afford it
=> So costly was the watch that I could not afford it.
– It was such a beautiful day that we could not just stay inside the house
=> Such a beautiful day it was that we could not just stay inside the house.
III. Bài tập về câu đảo ngữ trong tiếng Anh
Bài 1. Choose the best option to complete these following sentences or the best inversion sentence for the root one.
1. No sooner had we arrived at the station ______ the announcement started.
A. than
B. when
C. then
D. last
2. ______ he arrived at the bus stop when the bus came.
A. Hardly had
B. No sooner had
C. No longer has
D. Not until had
3. No sooner ______ than the class starts.
A. do Max arrive
B. does Max arrive
C. Max arrives
D. Max does arrive
4. Scarcely had Jake ______ the book report when Alan came in.
A. finish
B. finishing
C. finished
D. to finished
5. No sooner ______ the feast will start tomorrow.
A. will the bell ring than
B. the bell will ring than
C. the bell will ring when
D. will the bell ring when
6. As soon as I entered the room, I noticed her.
A. No sooner had I entered the room than I noticed her.
B. Hardly had I entered the room when I noticed her.
C. No sooner I had entered the room than I noticed her.
D. Both A and B are right
7. As soon as he approached the house, the policeman stopped him.
A. No sooner had he approached the house than the policeman stopped him.
B. Hardly had he approached the house than the policeman stopped him.
C. No sooner had he approached the house when the policeman stopped him.
D. Hardly he had approached the house when the policeman stopped him.
8. I have seldom heard such a talented singer.
A. Seldom have I heard such a talented singer.
B. Seldom I have heard such a talented singer.
C. Seldom has I heard such a talented singer.
D. All are correct.
9. _______ circumstances should you call the police.
A. In
B. Under
C. Under no
D. In no
10. Only after you abtain a driving licence, _______ a car.
A. you are able to drive
B. can you drive
C. you will be able to drive
D. did you drive
11. Hardly ever _______ far from home.
A. she traveled
B. she has traveled
C. did she travel
D. she did travel
12. Hardly _______ the phone down when the boss rang back.
A. did I put
B. have I put
C. had I put
D. I had put
13. No sooner _______ the soldiers leaped into the water.
A. had the ship touched the shore than
B. had the ship touched the shore when
C. the ship had touched the shore then
D. the ship touched the shore than
14. Had they arrived at the fair earlier, they _______ what they wanted.
A. had found
B. have found
C. found
D. would have found
15. Only by working hard _______ your final exam.
A. will you pass
B. you will pass
C. did you pass
D. you passed
16. Only when I have free time _______ television.
A. I watch
B. will I watch
C. do I watch
D. I watched
17. _______ that I knew all about her.
A. She little thought
B. She thought little
C. Little did she think
D. Little she thought
18. Not only is she intelligent _______.
A. but also she is kind
B. but is she also kind
C. but also is she kind
D. but she is also kind
19. _______ that she couldn’t go on working.
A. So was his pain
B. Such was his pain
C. He has so pain
D. His pain was such
20. Never ______ to school late.
A. I go
B. do I go
C. I do go
D. go I
21. Many books ______ yesterday.
A. did he read
B. I read
C. I did read
D. read I
22. Beautiful ______ in their autumn colors.
A. the trees are
B. are the trees
C. do the trees are
D. the trees do are
23. ________ there.
A. Never will I go
B. I never will go
C. never I will go
D. All are right
24. ______ a doctor, I could help you.
A. was I
B. I was
C. Were I
D. I were
25. Had I not met her, I ______ unhappy.
A. have been
B. was
C. had been
D. would have been
26. _______ about it.
A. He did little said
B. Little did he said
C. Little did he say
D. He did little say
27. Nowhere _______ delicious dishes like here.
A. can you enjoy
B. you can enjoy
C. you enjoy
D. you do enjoy
28. No longer ______ here.
A. he will live
B. will he work
C. will he works
D. he works
29. In vain ______ for the missing people.
A. did they look
B. did they looked
C. they looked
D. they did look
30. Not until I came home ______ that I had lost everything.
A. I realized
B. I did realize
C. did I realize
D. I did realized
31. Not until _______ that she had been very important for me.
A. did she leave I knew
B. she left did I know
C. she left I knew
D. did she leave did I know
32. ________ him for the mistake he had made.
A. Never in my life will I forgive
B. Never in my life I will forgive
C. I will never forgive in my life
D. Never will I forgive in my life
33. I have never seen this film before.
A. Never before have I seen this film
B. Never before I have seen this film
C. Before have never I seen this film
D. Have I never before seen this film
34. She rarely makes a mistake.
A. Rarely she makes a mistake.
B. Rarely she does make a mistake.
C. Rarely does she make a mistake.
D. Does she rarely make a mistake.
35. ______ I the judge, I would sentence him to death.
A. Were
B. Was
C. Be
D. Am
36. ______ I rich, I would help you.
A. Was
B. Be
C. Am
D. Were
37. ________ his advice, I would have succeeded in the final exam.
A. Had I taken
B. I had taken
C. Had I take
D. If I take
38. Had you not helped me, I _________ how to solve it.
A. won’t know
B. wouldn’t know
C. couldn’t know
D. wouldn’t have known
39. Had I not stayed up late last night, I ________ tired now.
A. wouldn’t be
B. wouldn’t have been
C. won’t be
D. can’t be
40. Only by working three jobs ________ able to support his large family.
A. he was
B. he is
C. he’s being
D. was he
……………
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